Ass whuppin tonight

Hold on a minute.  That statement is in part quite incorrect. 

You are citing above the Articles of Confederation, from 1777 which are of course the original very loose organization under which the United States operated during the war of independence.   

After the United States had won independence, the states met in the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787 and set aside that "confederation" and created the United States under the US Constitution.  That document you cite is not the Constitution. 

As a result you are perhaps overlooking the operational language in Article VI of the Constituion (known as the Supremacy Clause):

"This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding."

The 10th Amendment does say:

"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."

While states may have in some sense  "sovereignty"  the Constitution does expressly delegate quite a bit of specific powers to the federal government.  Including an Executive Branch, Judicial Branch and Legislative Branch.   These did not exist in that form under the Articles of Confederation.  The Constitution gives each branch powers over the states.

Article I section 8 of the Constitution gives legislative powers to the Congress.  Note that the last clause gives quite a bit of "specific" flexibility to do what is "necessary and proper" to do any of the other designated powers.  The Courts decide what is necessary and proper if the Congress acts and it is disputed.  

The Commerce Power is also quite broad since there is very little commerce in the US which is NOT interstate in nature.  VERY FEW businesses deal only with customers or suppliers from ONLY that state.  That was not true in 1789, where there was much more commerce just intrastate,  but the framers realized the evils of tariff or other constraints by one state on another in commerce and decided the federal government should have power to regulate interstate commerce.

Section 8: Powers of Congress

The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;

To borrow Money on the credit of the United States;

To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes;

To establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;

To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;

To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States;

To establish Post Offices and post Roads;

To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;

To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;

To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations;

To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;

To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;

To provide and maintain a Navy;

To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;

To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions;

To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;

To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards and other needful Buildings;-And

To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.